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The Lathe of Sutton-at-Hone historically included a large part of Kent, including the present-day boroughs of Dartford, Bexley, Greenwich, Bromley and Sevenoaks District. It was named after the village and parish of Sutton at Hone in the Darent valley. The lathe was an ancient administrative division of Kent and originated, probably in the 6th century AD, during the Jutish colonisation of the county.〔Dartford Country - The Story Of The Hundred Of Axstane by Geoff Porteus, 1985,ISBN 9780860232032 (page 13)〕 It was not unusual for the Anglo-Saxons to establish their juridical and administrative centres a short distance from more populous towns. In this case Sutton at Hone is about two miles from Dartford, one of only four royal manors in Kent at the time of the Domesday Book.〔Dartford Country - The Story Of The Hundred Of Axstane by G. Porteus (page 22)〕 At that time, Sutton was ranked as a "Half Lathe", as was Milton, to which it was not connected. Alongside these two Half Lathes were five (full) Lathes: Aylesford, Borough, Eastry, Lympne (later renamed Shepway) and Wye. By 1295 Sutton had been promoted to a full lathe, while alongside it were only four other lathes. This was because Borough and Eastry had merged into the Lathe of Saint Augustine, while Milton and Wye had merged to form the Lathe of Scray.〔The Hidation of Kent by J. E. A. Jolliffe, in The English Historical Review Vol. 44, No. 176 (Oct., 1929, OUP), pp. 612-618. See http://www.jstor.org/stable/552921/10.2307/552921〕 The Lathe continued to be an important administrative, judicial and taxation unit for 600 years after the Domesday Book. The functions of Lathe and hundreds were somewhat similar, with a Lathe covering a much wider area. Although never formerly abolished, it has had no administrative functions since the end of the 19th century.〔History of Kent, by Frank Jessup, 1958〕 The Sheriff toured the county twice yearly, visiting each lathe: in the case of Sutton, possibly at Shire Hall. The lathe was responsible for raising of aids and subsidies for the Militia. However the Lathe court became anomalous as it fell between the hundred courts below and the Justices of the County (in petty and quarter sessions) above 〔Dartford Country - The Story Of The Hundred Of Axstane by G. Porteus (page 32)〕 The Lathe of Sutton was mentioned in ''The London Gazette'' as late as 1899.〔"The said railway deviation being wholly within the parish of Stone, in the county of Kent, Hundred of Axton, Lathe of Sutton-at-Hone" - THE LONDON GAZETTE, MAY 30, 1899〕 According to Hasted,〔See The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 1, author:Edward Hasted, publ. 1797〕 the Lathe of Sutton consisted of the following Hundreds: * Blackheath * Bromley and Beckenham * Ruxley * Little and Lesnes * Dartford and Wilmington * Axstane * Codsheath * Westerham and Edenbridge * Somerden The lathe was the most westerly of the lathes into which Kent was divided. The first four hundreds in the above list now collectively form the London boroughs of Greenwich, Bexley and Bromley, except for Penge which was not originally in the county of Kent. Dartford and Wilmington Hundred is now in the borough of Dartford. Axstane hundred is now divided between the districts of Dartford and Sevenoaks, while the last three hundreds form the remainder of Sevenoaks District, except that Somerden and therefore the Lathe of Sutton included part of the parish of Speldhurst, which is now in Royal Tunbridge Wells. Thus the boundary of the Lathe with the rest of Kent is still in existence, with minor deviations, as the boundaries of Dartford and Sevenoaks with the rest of Kent.〔See the list of parishes for each hundred in the History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: (Vols 1 and 2), author:Edward Hasted, publ. 1797. Also the census report by lathe and hundred in Victoria County History of Kent, Vol 3 (1932)〕 The Lathe of Sutton has an area of 173,440 acres (271 sq. miles or 702 km2).〔The Hidation of Kent by J. E. A. Jolliffe and Census 1832〕 == Notes == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lathe of Sutton at Hone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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